LDAP stands for
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. As the name suggests, it is a
lightweight client−server protocol for accessing directory services,
specifically X.500−based directory services. LDAP runs over TCP/IP or other
connection oriented transfer services. LDAP is defined in RFC2251 "The Lightweight
Directory Access Protocol (v3).
A directory is
similar to a database, but tends to contain more descriptive, attribute−based
information. The information in a directory is generally read much more often
than it is written. Directories are tuned to give quick−response to high−volume
lookup or search operations. They may have the ability to replicate information
widely in order to increase availability and reliability, while reducing response
time. When directory information is replicated, temporary inconsistencies between
the replicas may be OK, as long as they get in sync eventually.
There are many
different ways to provide a directory service. Different methods allow
different kinds of information to be stored in the directory, place different
requirements on how that information can be referenced, queried and updated,
how it is protected from unauthorized access, etc. Some directory services are
local, providing service to a restricted context (e.g., the finger service on a
single machine). Other services are global, providing service to a much broader
context.
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